Answers to these questions should generally be only a paragraph
long
(50-100 words).
If a question doesn't seem to you like it belongs on this list,
send me an explanation and I will consider dropping it.
1.Describe the contributions
of
Scott and Munsterberg in the early development of I/O psychology.
2. What were the Hawthorne
studies, what did they find, and how did they change the scope of I/O
psychology?
3. Discuss the contributions of
I/O psychologists during World War I and II and their impact on the
field
of psychology.
4. Describe the educational and
training requirements for I/O psychologists.
5. Discuss the difficulties in
conducting psychological research in industry.
6. Researchers at Sears discover
that sales output is correlated at r = .68 with number of motivational
seminars attended. Briefly discuss how the management of Sears should
interpret
this finding.
7. What are the advantages and
limitations of naturalistic observation?
8. Describe three techniques for
conducting survey research. What are their relative advantages and
disadvantages?
9. Describe two ways of selecting
a sample of people to be questioned in a survey.
10. What are the advantages of
realistic job previews?
11. What is the purpose of the
Marlowe-Crowne inventory, and how can it be used in personnel decisions?
12. For what purposes are job
analyses
conducted? Describe two different approaches to job analysis and their
relative advantages.
13. What are the main reasons for
conducting background checks on potential employees, and what risks are
involved?
14. Distinguish between
unstructured
and structured interviews. If you were an employer, which would you use
and why?
15. Explain how each of the
following
interviewee factors affects hiring decisions: ingratiation, modesty,
"sneak
previews," physical attractiveness, and casual clothing.
16. What are the relative
problems
and advantages of polygraphs and integrity tests to detect employee
dishonesty?
17. What are the general effects
of cognitive load on the interview process? How can these effects be
avoided
or reduced?
18. A personality researcher has
developed a measure of extraversion/introversion for managerial
selection
with 11 items. Now she needs to establish the reliability of the
measure.
Discuss the three alternatives available to her; make sure you consider
the advantages and disadvantages of each.
19. A personality researcher has
developed a measure of extraversion/introversion for managerial
selection.
She has established the reliability of the measure and now needs to
determine
its criterion-related validity. Discuss each of the two approaches she
could take.
20. What factors must I/O
psychologists
consider when deciding whether to use a published test or construct a
new
test?
21. What problems may arise if
a human resources manager chooses to validate a test using only the
best
employees?
22. A colleague of yours makes
the claim that personality testing is invalid and has no role in the
workplace.
Prepare a written argument discussing the opposite position on
personality
characteristics and jobs.
23. What is rating leniency, why
does it occur, and how can it be avoided?
24. What are the relative
advantages
and disadvantages of rating and ranking techniques in performance
appraisal?
25. What are the advantages and
limitations of MBO as an appraisal technique?
26. Compare the relative merits
of self-evaluations, evaluations by subordinates, and peer evaluations.
27. Discuss five types of errors
that occur in performance appraisal as a result of human judgment.
28. Describe the four cognitive
errors that can influence performance appraisal. What are examples of
each?
29. What is "coaching" and why
might a psychologist need a license to do it? (Refer to the comments by
Dean Stamoulis.)
30. What factors can affect
employee
motivation to succeed in a training program?
31. Discuss three of the
psychological
factors that relate to teaching methods and the nature of the material
to be learned.
32. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of on-the-job training?
33. How does programmed
instruction
use the psychological principles of training?
34. Describe job rotation and the
way it is used by many organizations. What are the disadvantages of job
rotation as a management training technique?
35. Compare and contrast the
Theory
X and Theory Y views of human nature.
36. Describe the four styles of
leadership in the path-goal theory.
37. What does research show about
the relative effectiveness of authoritarian and democratic leaders in
stressful
work situations?
38. Discuss Alice Eagly's
"labyrinth"
theory of why so few women are in top leadership positions in the U.S.
39. Describe the five kinds of
power a leader may use and their relationship to job performance and
job
satisfaction.
40. Describe the training
facility
at WalMart, the type of training provided, and the strengths and
weaknesses
generally associated with this training approach.